Specifically, a formal learning system is comprised of a prescribed learning framework, an organized learning event or package, the presence of a designated teacher or trainer, the award of a qualification or credit, and the external specification of outcomes, according to Michael Eraut’s “Non-formal learning, implicit learning and tacit knowledge” (2000).

I would disagree insofar as a formal learning system doesn’t have to depend on the presence of a teacher or trainer—what is the difference between studying for the LSAT with books by yourself and with a teacher? The same exact methodology can be followed. Additionally, why are awards necessary? Isn’t it possible to teach yourself something out of a love of learning, in a structured manner? Eraut gives us a good start. How would you perfect his definition?